Paper on Specific Diagnostic Tool for Treating Diabetes
Paper on Specific Diagnostic Tool for Treating Diabetes 
Introduction
In the current world, several diseases are under investigation as scientists try to understand and reveal their treatment. One of these diseases is diabetes and it calls for constant patient self-management and medical attention. There are two types of diabetes, which can affect both children and adults. Diabetes disease is a result of body failure to perform insulin production function. Detection of diabetes can be either at an early stage or later in life. For this reason, scientists seek to have diagnostic tools, which can detect diabetes at early stage. Through this approach, diabetes patients will minimize long-term and serious complications. Over the years, studies revealed various intervention methods trying to curb diabetes, as there is no particular cure for the disease (Golden, 2013). In regards to diabetes, there has been development of diagnostic tools and intervention methods for diabetes patients, which come in handy as diabetes treatment. The focus of the paper is to explore the use of glycosylated haemoglobin as a diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Mellitus Diagnostic Tool
In Greenland, reports indicated high prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) with diagnosis of only 30% of these cases. According to reports, very few means through which doctors could detect diabetes mellitus were available. One of the methods employed by clinics in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is the measurement of glucose levels. However, “the accuracy of glucose measurement is more or less affected by the pre-analytic instability and biologic variability of glucose concentrations within and between days.” ) The glucose measurements will also require more tests and is, therefore, they are more time-consuming and costly. There are two types of diabetes, type 1 and type 2. In order ot properly manage all types of diabetes, it is recommendable for the medical practitioners to understand which diabetes they are studying. Prevention, timely diagnosis, and treatment are important in patients with diabetes mellitus. For this reason, researchers employ various resources in identifying appropriate diagnostic tools. In this study, the major applicable diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus is Glycosylated Hemoglobin (A1C). The initial test and study of glycosylated hemoglobin was in Greenland. Greenland presented a good population for the study of the diagnostic tool as over time there have been major changes in the region. Over the last century, the area has seen major changes moving from the traditional setting to a contemporary lifestyle. According to the study, the philosophical social and cultural changes come with health changes with an increasing prevalence of lifestyle related diseases such as diabetes. Prior to these changes, diabetes mellitus was a rare disease. However, in the recent times, medical reports indicate high prevalence of diabetes mellitus especially in adults. Accordingly, all these cases remained undiagnosed due to minimal diagnostic activities.
Before implementation of glycosylated hemoglobin as a diagnostic tool in Greenland, over 2% of the sample group tested positive for diabetes mellitus. In the principal findings of the study, 13.6% of adults who were 35 years of age and above screened for diabetes using the A1C diagnostic tool. According to the outcome, approximately 7.5% of the screened participants tested positive for diabetes mellitus . In regards to the findings, it is evident that the area has several undiagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus especially among adults. The implementation of glycosylated hemoglobin diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus will rely on the strengths and weaknesses presented in the course of the study.
Glycosylated hemoglobin is a great diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus and gives accurate outcomes .The results of the study on the diagnostic tool are supported by the fact that it was applied for the entire population of the area. In addition, the accumulative predominance of diagnosed experimental in the study period is a reflection of the entire diagnostic activity in Greenland and not only the A1C diagnostic activity. The estimation of this prevalence of the diagnosed diabetes mellitus is a possible weakness for this study. The patients that were of 20 years of age and above were the group that was involved in the study. This is the reason for the underestimations of the real prevalence of the diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Apart from these patients, those who received prescriptions electrically for the glucose lowering drugs, had their record reviewed in a manual way. The process was initially intended to identify the patients with diabetes not 20 years of age and above. This proves that the underestimations have the possibility to be of no significant magnitude.
Before invention of glycosylated hemoglobin, the available diagnostic tool for diabetes was measurement of glucose. Measurement of glucose worked sufficiently for diabetes type 1 as compared to diabetes type 2. “Type 1 diabetes has a sufficiently characteristic clinical onset, with relatively acute, extreme elevations in glucose concentrations. On the other hand, type 2 diabetes has a more gradual onset, with slowly rising glucose levels over time, and its diagnosis has required specific glucose values to distinguish pathologic glucose concentrations from the distribution of glucose concentrations in the nondiabetic population In this regard, scientists set out to identify a better tool to diagnose diabetes mellitus. Accordingly, studies indicate that a reliable measure of chronic glycemic levels like AIC, which captures the degree of glucose exposure of time, will be efficient. A1C relates more intimately to the risk of complications than single measures of glucose levels, hence serves as a better biochemical marker of diabetes . The screening tests to identify persons at high risk for diabetes are similar to the diagnostic tests. In this light, A1C, glycosylated hemoglobin is a better diagnostic tool as compared to glucose levels. Glycosylated hemoglobin can detect high risks of diabetes in patients.
Contemporary research on evidence based diagnostic tool reveals that when medical doctors use the A1C tool test, they can have a clear comprehension of the patients’ glucose level. The technics involved average based on the percentage system without experiencing errors, which could occur using other glucose tests. In use of glycosylated hemoglobin tests, the patients do not need to fast before undertaking the screening. Another notable advantage of glycosylated hemoglobin is that both patients and medical doctors can easily interpret and understand the reported glucose levels. In turn, proper control and interventions will be implemented. In addition, glycosylated hemoglobin diagnostic tool is efficient in early detection of diabetes mellitus in all ages of the population.
Conclusion
Diabetes as a disease creates major concern in the United States. Over time, it is evident, that diabetes requires early intervention and diagnosis to enable proper medical approach. For this reason, it is significant for the medical field to identify better and contemporary diagnostic tools. From the above discussion, glycosylated hemoglobin serves as an efficient diagnostic tool for diabetes mellitus. The available tools seem to be less efficient as the outcomes could be either diabetes type 1 or type 2. Early detection will help proper management and control of the glucose levels of the patients as opposed to later detection.
